This podcast from a three-part series in Transport Security International Magazine by Mario Eisenhut examines the evolving landscape of maritime security. The podcast highlights how the focus has broadened from traditional threats like piracy to encompass the increasing vulnerability of critical underwater infrastructure, such as fibre optic cables and energy pipelines. Eisenhut argues that these unseen systems are essential for global connectivity, trade, and strategic stability, yet they are increasingly targeted by state and non-state actors using advanced technologies like underwater drones and “shadow fleets.” The piece underscores the urgent need for international cooperation, improved surveillance, and a more coordinated approach to protecting these vital underwater networks.